Kevin Chilcott

Luthier

A "FRET JOB"
ON A LACQUERED FINGERBOARD

I'm going to try and add information and pages to this section 
as soon as possible.....

This section is NOT complete.

The Guitars used to illustrate this procedure are a : - 

'Gold' Ernie Ball Musicman Silhouette
( This guitar needed a 'Fret Job' entirely due to string wear 'grooving' the frets with use. The guitar had been played a lot around the world over the years, but rattled and buzzed too much to be used as a main instrument. This was the last time a 'Fret Job' would be possible before doing a re-fret.)
and a
'Vintage White' Japanese Fender Stratocaster
( This guitar had been worked on at some point in the recent past..... when somebody had tried to do the frets, but didn't 'slacken off' the truss-rod before the job was attempted. As a result, the neck was still curved downward when the frets were 'stoned', leaving the frets in the middle section of the fingerboard very low and flat with sharp edges with the frets at both ends having far less attention, and no attempt was made to re-profile them at all. This had caused problems as the guitar was almost unplayable. 
To solve this problem, without having to resort to a re-fret, was a
tricky procedure - not one for a beginner, as this was the sort of job that was only really solvable when you'd had practice & experience and was largely a matter of 'feel' for what was required.
Again, this was the last time this sort of job could be done on this guitar before a re-fret
.) 

 

THE SEQUENCE OF EVENTS
( You can click on each of the pix below for a closer view.)

The 1st Stage..... Preparation.  Find a nice clean flat area that can be used and find a soft cloth or old bed sheet to lie the guitar on to prevent any possible damage. 'Swinging' room is also needed as the guitar will have to be positioned at various angles to surface used.

Requirements.....
A large area - flat, clean & stable with a good light source. A large soft cloth or sheet.

*   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *

The 2nd Stage..... Checking over the Instrument.  It is best to lie the guitar down and check her all over for any damage, loose parts or screws..... in fact, anything that might have to be done later, or anything that may cause a problem when trying to do the task in hand. A small 'labeled' container is handy to put 'bits', if any need to be taken off, or in case some do fall off You never know.  If they are left lying around, the guitar may be put on top of them by mistake..... and touching-in or re-spraying shouldn't have to be part of the deal ! 
(
Take notes if possible.)

While still strung up, the guitar neck  needs to be looked over to see if there are any noticeable problems that are reasonably obvious..... For example - if there is a twist in the neck, or the bass side pulls up a lot more than the treble, if the neck is aligned correctly with the body. If there are potential problems at this stage, take notes and compare the neck when the strings are off. Only then can a strategy be planned . 
Other things to check for are..... if any '
shims' have been used to alter the neck angle - in the case of a 'bolt-on' neck, if there are already 'dinks' and 'dents' noticeable on the neck or fingerboard, or any cracks or chips in the finish or damage of any kind.
(
Best to take notes again here.)

Tools Required.....
A note-book & pen, a small-ish labeled container and a selection of screwdrivers and Allen-keys etc.

*   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *

The 3rd Stage..... Taking the Strings off.  Take the strings off the guitar, put them together and safely out of the way.
I tend to..... unwind them from the machine heads, then wrap them round in a few circles and stash the up by the bridge, where
they're out of the way. Usually I'll hold them down with a couple of bits of masking tape. It's generally best to use the 'low tack' type, especially in cases where there may be potential problems with the finish. The vast majority of guitars however will be no problem at all.
(
This last point is very important - some finishes may pull off like a 'sheet', other may flake off..... even with the use of 'Low-tack' tape..... Great care must be taken !)

I never throw the strings away until right at the end, as you may not know what the exact gauges are. So if you need to find out, you can still check them with a micrometer
(
Useful Tip.) 

Tools Required.....
A string-winder is useful and so is a roll of 'low-tack' masking tape.

*   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *

The 4th Stage..... Examining the Fingerboard & Frets.  This is where things really start to happen. 
Initially the
fingerboard must be checked to see if it is clean and free from dirt, grease and 'crap' left over from the player playing the instrument. This sort of debris usually accumulates each side of the frets. On lacquered fingerboards, it can usually be removed with a cloth with a bit of furniture polish - like 'Pledge'.
If it's a bit more 'stubborn', a colour restorer like 'T-Cut' can be used by
carefully and gently rubbing it over the surface with a cloth, making sure that afterwards, all traces are removed. 
Luckily, because lacquered fingerboards are usually
pretty shiny, they tend not to collect too much dirt.  
  
Next, which is one of the
most important tasks of all, is to make sure that the fingerboard is reasonably flat from end to end so the frets can be uniformly leveled. It is only then that the job can really start. The best tool to use is a 2ft straight edge - but it must be straight ! 
By laying the edge carefully on the frets
along the length of the fingerboard, in the area of the centre-line and towards both the treble and the bass sides as well, you can tell if there is for example a 'hump' or a higher area in the middle region of the fingerboard - around say the 7th to 12th fret. If there is a 'higher area' here it can usually be relieved by 'slackening off' the truss rod a little ( 1/8th of a turn at a time ).
Occasionally slackening off the truss rod will not take out the higher middle area - it can still be there - and in this case there are going to be problems. ( This scenario will be in an Advanced Section later.)
  
If there is a '
dip' or lower area in the middle region, rather than a 'hump', the truss rod can be tightened gently ( 1/8th of a turn at a time ) until, in most cases, the neck straightens out. Truss rods need to be approached with the utmost caution as they don't always work..... and very occasionally will break !
 
In the case of the Gold Musicman Silhouette here, there was no problem as she had
uniform wear mainly on the treble side, and with the strings off -  the maple neck flattened out nicely and when checked with a straight edge the frets were reasonably level from 1st to 24th, apart from the 'grooves' which had to be got rid of as part of the job.

The 'Vintage White' Japanese St**t
here is a different proposition. 

Tools Required.....
Some polish, a cloth, a 2ft straight edge and a suitable truss-rod key.

*   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *

The 5th Stage..... Masking.   The point of no return !   To prevent causing any damage to the guitar, the area of the body around where the neck joins the body has to be masked up using 'low-tack' masking tape. This includes : - the pickups and scratch-plate in the vicinity of the neck and all the parts of the body in that area including possibly the 'horns'. Also the top-nut needs to be masked over. See the picture(s) below.

It important to
carefully scan the whole neck an body area at this stage, to see if there are any 'bare patches' where there is no lacquer due to wear or just knocks or dents. This is particularly important with Maple Necks and FingerboardsNo oil, crap, grease or dirt must get in there at all. This is very important. If there are any areas like this you must mask them up at this stage.

Tools Required.....
Plenty of 'low-tack' masking tape. A pair of sharp scissors. A sharp 'Stanley' blade & a plate.

*   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *

The 6th Stage..... OK 'Stoning' or Leveling.  At this stage the lacquered fingerboard between the frets doesn't need to be masked unless there is wear and damage, but will have to be masked before Stage 8.
Personally I've always used an '
Oil-stone' for doing frets. Some people prefer to use a specially adapted file, but I find that an oil-stone works for me - and that's what's important..... being comfortable with your tools.

( If you have not used an Oil-stone before, I'm planning a Section on - Tools and How to Use Them - but I've not got that far yet I'm afraid.)

With the Oil-Stone you have to use a lubricant, and I find the best and most cost effective is Extra Virgin Olive Oil. Drizzle a few 'globs' of oil on the 'face' of the stone and smear the oil all over the rest of the face. Let it soak in. ( If it's a new stone, it might take quite a bit of 'filling up' !) When the oil will lie on the surface, 'stoning' can start.....

I WILL CONTINUE  STAGE SIX AS SOON AS I CAN

Tools Required.....
A 'flat' 8" medium grade oil-stone, Extra Virgin Olive Oil and some soft rags - No 'witches brews' or special potions required.

*   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *

The 7th Stage..... Taping up the Fingerboard.  Now the frets have been 'stoned' or leveled, and all the excess oil has been wiped away, the lacquered part of the fingerboard has to be masked up tight to the frets. It's best to use the 'low-tack' variety and I find that generally 3/4" tape is the most useful. I usually cut off a whole load of approximately 3"+ strips and 'tack' them to a large plate so I can get them easily when I need them. Also needed are quite a few strips that are half or less the standard tape width to fit between the frets higher up the fingerboard. Scissors or a blade need to be used. The whole fingerboard apart from the frets must be covered, also the sides of the neck.
It is best to use an
additional layer of tape in the middle of the area between each fret which also goes over the edge of the fingerboard and round towards the back of the neck.

'Click for Pic'

Tools required..... 
Plenty of 'Low-Tack' masking tape. A pair of sharp scissors. A sharp 'Stanley' blade & a plate.

*   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *  

The 8th Stage..... Re-Beveling the Fret-ends.  This job is actually a lot trickier than it may initially seem to be !
A nice even 45 degree (or less) angle is needed on the frets at the edge of the fingerboard - from the First to the Last, which also forms in a 'straight line' which follows the edge of the fingerboard..... and you will be amazed how few guitars actually have this right Usually, when you get up to the proximity of the body, especially on the bass side, you will find that the frets are not beveled properly and in some cases not at all.

'Click for Pic'

Tools Required
.....
For this a 6" to 8" Flat file is best. I'll get a photo sorted.

*   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *

The 9th Stage..... Re-Profiling the Frets. This is probably the most difficult part of the whole procedure !
I do not use 'fret files' as most others seem to do. I cannot see how you can possibly get an even feel to all the frets if you are working on one fret at a time when re-profiling them..... But - Yes it is possible !

I prefer another approach, which I'll talk to you about later.
I have used this system on all the guitars I've made, all the guitars I've repaired and every request for a "Fret Job". It does work..... and works very well indeed. I personally think this is the best method to use.

I should also mention here that when I started doing this sort of work..... 'Fret Files' were not readily available - you could not get hold of them easily anyway, so there was no incentive to use them. These days, most of the things that 'you think you may need' are far more easily available than they have ever been, but 'they' may not always be what you 'need' to do the job. Keep it simple !

'Click for Pic'

Tools Required.....

*   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *   *

I WILL CONTINUE THIS AS SOON AS I CAN.

 

The 10th Stage..... Polishing the Frets.

The 11th Stage..... Cleaning Up.

The 12th Stage..... Putting The Guitar 'back together' again - including any Adjustments

Finally giving her a 'Test out' making any further Adjustments necessary so she's 110%.

 

ALL DONE & DUSTED !

This is a really Great Guitar !

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